John howarth



cited States esta can.

Letters Patent No. 100,294, dated .March 1, 1870.

STEAM BLOWER AND EXHAUSTER.

The Schedule referred to in these Letten; Patent and making part of thesame.

To whom tt fmayconcern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HOWARTH, of Salem, county of Essex, and Stateof Massachusetts, have invented a Combination Blower and Exhauster; anddo hereby declare the following to he a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my apparatus, and

Figure 2 fig. 1.

The object of my invention isto produce means by which I can utilizesteam to its fullest extent in drawing into an apparatus the largest'volume of air and gases, and discharging it with the degree of forcerequisite to the accomplishment of the particular result sought; thatis, to produce au apparatus by which I is a cross section of same online x y of can secure an increased blast power from a givenl weight ofmotor, or best create avacuuin in a given time and-with the greatesteconomy of steam. y

The nature of my invent-ion consists in adjusting a series of tubes,regularly increasing in diameter, set in a line as to their axis, with aspace between the one and the succeeding, so that in looking through theseries from the least in size to the greatest, there appears to be butone tube, telescope form, in .a frame, so that steam is admitted to thevsmallest tube by an induction-pipe from the boiler, and passing throughthe seemingly one tube, air and gases are admitted through thesucceeding spaces between the tubes, where air or gases are united withand carried by the steam y to the largest end of the tube anddischarged, either as a blast or as au exhauster, when the induction endof the apparatus leads from a vessel; and

The nature of my 'invention consists, further, in uniting the volume ofcombined air and steam attained through a series of tubes with a stillfurther quantity of air by means hereinafter described.

In the drawings- A A is a pipe, which sustains and incloses the apparatus hereinafter described.

- This pipe has anges a a at each end, and is smaller in diameter tiom bto c than from cto d, thus forming a neck, b c.

B is a frame, in which are held the tubes 1 2 3 4 5 6 by meansofprojectious or clamps E E. These tubes are heldin a line, their 'axisbeing parallel with the axis of pipe A, and are bored through theirhorizontal centers,-` number l being the smallest of the series, andthel others increasing in diameter regularly from l to 6.

C is an' induction-pipe leading from a boiler to tube No. 1.

D is a slet-screw holding the discharge end of the apparatus in itspropel' position within pipe A.

The projections E E arealso clamps, and each has set-screws u n; thusthe tubes 1 2,3, &c., are compressed and firmly held in their position,which, by the a space of one-sixteenth of an inch' between each tube andthe succeeding one. These dimensions, of course,

are given for example, but I have found by experiment that they servethe purpose well.

Steam is represented by dotted arrows, and air or gases by full linearrows.

Operation.

Steam from a boiler enters the apparatus through induction-pipe C,passing its tube 1 att with a velocity comparative with the weight ofsteam; it passes into tube No. 2 with the same velocity'. 'lhus iscreated about the space between tube l and 2 a vacuum, which is filledat once by air coming inA at k, and the air is combined with the steamwithin tube No. 2, and parl takes of the steams velocity. This volume ofcombined steam and air or gases 'passes on to tube No. 3, where alfullersupply of air or gases is taken through space between No. 2 tube and No.3, and so on through the whole series, until the volume of combinedsteam and air or gases is discharged from the outer tube at K S into theneck b e of pipe A.

At thev point t t the already acquired volume receives a fresh quantityot' air or gases, which combines with the acquired volume, and thisincreased volume Vis discharged at mouth h of pipe A, thus securing theThe construction of pipe A at this point favors or se- I cures thisresult, for it will be observed that by diminishing the diameter of pipeA from c to b, and allow ing'the discharge end of series of tubes toprojectintol their diminished portion of pipe A, I have a continuance ofthe series of tubes, but on an enlarged scale.

The limit-to whiehthe number of tubes can be eX-, tended is the vacuumforce to absorb air or gases, and

the force required to expel them with the requisite velocity from theapparatus.

The number shown is used to illustrate my invention, for I use themextended to ten or twelve.1

The vacuum force and blast force are diminishedas the number isincreased, or as their diameters are increased relatively to eachother.- I find itimportant not to admit too much air or gases to combinewith steam at once, lest the velocity of the steam should be reduced toosuddenly, for it is my aim to combine and utilize the largest possibleamount of air or gases and Steam and it' the whole quantity of air andsteam were permitted to come together at one point, the ve locity of thesteam would be arrested at once, and less air or gases would. be movedby a given amount of steam.

I can apply this apparatus to a great variety of uses, and in manydifferent forms, some ot' them requiring new combinations, which I leavefor further patents; but as a. blower or exhauster, wherever such may beused, its utility is beyond a doubt, for, having carried it through aseries of actual experiments, I speak from experience and not theory.

I am aware that the specic arrangement of tubes described and shown,alone, is not new, nor do I claim such arrangement; but,

.as described.

3. The combination of tubes l `2 3, '&c., frame B,

' pipe A, and induction-pipe C, allarranged and operating substantiallyas herein set forth.

1n testimony whereof -I have signed my name to this speeication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN HOWARTH.

Witnesses:

CARROLL D. WRIGHT, AUSTIN S. HOWARTH.

